Leading Spray Dryer Manufacturers

Spray drying is the process of atomization or changing a liquid or slurry into a powder by heating a gas. This technology is mostly applied to thermally sensitive materials, such as food pharmaceuticals, where consistently fine particles are desired. The spray drying process feedstock should have a standard solid content, viscosity, and density Read More…

Spray Dryers Food processing operations like milk drying make extensive use of spray drying procedures. Cereals, many kinds of coffee, teas, spices, egg-based foods and flavorings are often subject to spray heating processes in advance of packaging and consumption. Spray drying is also used in the development of a wide variety of healthcare and pharmaceuticals-related products.

Dürr is a leading global supplier of environmental solutions and engineered products tailored to meet customers' industrial process requirements. We offer a complete portfolio of air pollution control technologies and drying and curing systems, including industrial dryers and ovens for roll-to-roll processes, web forming processes and conveyor handling of webs, as well as specialized coating...

Dürr Systems, Inc. $$$

The CMM Group provides custom-designed industrial dryers and ovens for a wide range of applications in single or multi-zone configurations. The CMM Group designs and builds conveyorized curing, baking and drying ovens for automated production of small-to-medium sized products. Conveyorized roll support web dryers are available in horizontal or vertical tower design and can handle thin film to...

The CMM Group $$$

C.A. Litzler has been around for over 60 years and during that time we have built lasting relationships with our customers. We have become one of the most trusted names in the industries that we serve because of our dedication to our clients and to quality products. Over the decades, we have expanded into other industries and introduced new technologies along the way. Our products include carbon...

C.A. Litzler Co., Inc. $$$

At Vulcan Drying Systems, we specialize in designing and manufacturing high-quality industrial dryers for a wide range of applications. With our years of experience in the industry, we have become a trusted name in the drying systems business, delivering efficient and reliable solutions to clients worldwide.

Vulcan Drying Systems $$$

Buhler is a global leader in thermal processing technology. Aeroglide dryers, roasters, toasters, ovens, and coolers are recognized worldwide for superior airflow design, sanitation, and high-quality construction. These elements combine to maximize return on investment. Call Buhler or visit their website today!

Buhler Aeroglide Corporation $$$
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Spray Dryers

Types of Spray Dryers

The principle of operation and design of nozzles/atomizers distinguishes spray dryers. A nozzle is often used to make the droplets as tiny as possible, optimizing heat transmission and water vaporization rate. Nozzles are classified into two types: high-pressure single-fluid nozzles and two-fluid nozzles. The first fluid in a two-fluid nozzle is the liquid that will be dried, while the second is a compressed gas. Based on the type of atomization energy, spray dryers can be further distinguished into the following:

  1. Rotary atomizers: Atomization energy is centrifugal. The feedstock solution is driven to the center of the horizontal wheel or disk in rotary atomizers. A centrifugal force is produced at this point, accelerating the feed solution to the perimeter and generating a spray of droplets. It has the advantage of handling high feed rates without clogging, particle production of homogeneous size, low-pressure running, and high efficiency. However, rotary atomizers are expensive, incompatible with viscous feed, and need help to employ a horizontal spray dryer chamber and the undersized spray dryer chambers.
    Rotary Atomizers
  2. Hydraulic nozzle atomizers: Pressure is the source of atomization energy. The operation concept of hydraulic nozzles, also known as one-fluid nozzles, consists of the conduction of the feed solution under pressure through a gradually decreasing diameter conduit. The fluid emerges at high velocity through a tiny nozzle orifice (typically 0.4 to 4 mm in diameter) while simultaneously losing pressure, undergoing atomization, and disintegrating into droplets. They have the advantage of having relatively low-cost particle synthesis with less occluded air (i.e., greater density particle manufacturing) and allowing for small drying chambers. However, high viscous feed is not recommended; high feed rates result in coarser and less homogeneous sprays (i.e., broad particle size distribution).
    Hydraulic Nozzle Atomizer
  3. Pneumatic nozzle atomizers: These atomizers are also known as an internal or external two-fluid nozzle, where kinetic energy provides the atomization energy. Pneumatic atomizers have better particle size control than a hydraulic nozzle, are more effective for high viscosity feeds, and are appropriate for laboratory scale due to the tiny drying chamber required. However, this type of atomizer is associated with high operating costs due to the requirement for large amounts of compressed gas for atomization, particle production with high occluded air, and downstream turbulence.
Pneumatic Nozzle Atomizer

Operational Principle of Spray Dryers

Spray dryers separate the solute as a solid and the solvent as a vapor from a liquid stream. The solid is generally collected in a drum or cyclone. The liquid input stream vaporizes after being sprayed into a hot vapor stream. A solid shape as the droplets' moisture quickly evaporates. Making the droplets as tiny as possible with a nozzle will increase heat transmission and the water vaporization rate. Adjusting the process temperature also determines the moisture content in the final powder. The powdered mix is collected, after which the gas is re-circulated. The process layout can include the following,

  • Open cycle layout
  • Closed cycle layout
  • Semi-closed (standard) layout
  • Semi-closed (self-energizing) layout
  • Two stage layout
  • Combination layout

Spray Dryer Applications

  • For amorphous solid dispensation, pharmaceuticals are formed into a polymer matrix that better diffuses into the patient's body using spray dryers. An example of a pharmaceutical produced this way is antibiotics. Spray dryers are also used in the biomedical field for nasal administration of medicines, vaccine development, and antibiotic injections.
  • The food industry uses spray drying to dehydrate food substances and products, for example, powdered milk, colorings, coffee, spices, etc.

Advantages of Spray Drying

  • It consumes little time.
  • The process is ongoing, hence not labor intensive.
  • Spray drying does not contaminate substances; sterilized substances can be produced.
  • Applicable as a preservation method
  • Particle size is controlled and uniform.
  • The end product is concentrated and soluble.
  • Applicable to solutions and emulsions

Disadvantages of Spray Drying

  • Equipment is costly and cumbersome.
  • It provides low thermal efficiency since large volumes of air tend to pass through without catching any particles.
  • Equipment needs consistent cleaning to avoid contamination.
  • It cannot be used to dehydrate solid substances.
  • Solid products can result in a fire hazard if deposited in the drying chamber.

Conclusion

Spray dryers are devices that atomize or facilitate the production of a solid powder by rapidly drying liquid, slurry, or emulsion using hot gas. The nature of the final product obtained after drying in a spray dryer is determined by the spray dryer's design and operation, as well as the physicochemical properties of the feed.

Choosing the Correct Spray Dryer Company

For the most beneficial outcome when purchasing a spray dryer from a spray dryer company, it is important to compare several companies using our directory of spray dryer suppliers. Each spray dryer supplier has a business profile page highlighting their areas of experience and capabilities, along with a contact form to directly communicate with the company for more information or request a quote. Review each spray dryer business website using our patented website previewer to get an idea of what each company specializes in. Then, use our simple RFQ form to contact multiple spray dryer businesses with the same form.

Spray Dryer Informational Video

 

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